Abandon When a user does not complete a transaction.
Ad exchanges are technology platforms that facilitate real time bidding on online advertising inventory.
Ad networks combine the available inventory of many different websites and make this available to advertisers through a single point of contact – at a single rate. They provide a highly cost-effective way to extend the reach and frequency of a campaign.
Ad Serving Delivery of online ads to an end user’s computer by an ad management system. The system allows different online ads to be served in order to target different audience groups and can serve ads across multiple sites. Ad Technology providers each have their own proprietary models for this.
Affiliate Marketing An affiliate (a website owner or publisher), displays an advertisement (such as a banner or link) on its site for a merchant (the brand or advertiser). If a consumer visiting the affiliate’s site clicks on this advertisement and goes onto perform a specified action (usually a purchase) on an advertisers site then the affiliate receives a commission.
App Shortened form of application and synonym for programme.
Applications are a set of instructions encoded in software that instructs the computer hardware to manipulate or display data.
Avatar A picture or cartoon used to represent an individual in chat forums, games or on a website as a help function.
Bandwidth The transmission rate of a communication line- usually measured in Kilobytes per second (Kbps). This relates to the amount of data that can be carried per second by your Internet connection. See also Broadband.
Behavioural Targeting A form of online marketing that uses advertising technology to target web users based on their previous behaviour. Advertising creative and content can be tailored to be of more relevance to a particular user by capturing their previous decision making behaviour (e.g. filling out preferences or visiting certain areas of a site frequently) and looking for patterns.
Beta First step beyond Alpha. An application (often a website) released into the public domain so it can find and fix as many bugs as possible, and can be user tested. As more and more bugs are fixed, updated Beta builds—called Release Candidates are created, and when it is ready, the ‘beta’ tag will be removed.
Blogs An online space regularly updated presenting the opinions or activities of one or a group of individuals and displaying in chronological order.
Broadband An Internet connection that is always on and that delivers a higher bit rate (128kbps or above) than a standard dial-up connection. It allows for a better online experience as pages load quickly and you can download items faster.
Buffering When a streaming media player saves portions of file until there is enough information for the file to begin playing.
Cache Memory Used to store webpages you have seen already. When you go back to those pages they’ll load more quickly because they come from the cache and don’t need to be downloaded over the Internet again.
Click-through When a user interacts with an advertisement and clicks through to the advertiser’s website.
CTR (click-through rate) Frequency of click-throughs as a percentage of impressions served. Used as a measure of advertising effectiveness. See also
impression, click-through.
Contextual advertising Advertising that is targeted to the content on the webpage being viewed by a user at that specific time.
Cookie A small text file on the user’s PC that identifies the user’s browser and hence, the user so they are ‘recognised’ when they re-visit a site e.g. it allows usernames to be stored and websites to personalise their offering.
Conversion rate Measure of success of an online ad when compared to the click- through rate. What defines a ‘conversion’ depends on the marketing objective e.g. it can be defined as a sale or request to receive more information…etc.
CPA (1-Cost per Action) A pricing model that only charges advertising on an action being conducted e.g. a sale or a form being filled in.
CPA (2-Cost per Acquisition) Cost to acquire a new customer.
CPC (Cost per Click) The amount paid by an advertiser for a click on their sponsored search listing or display ad. See also
PPC.
CPM – (Cost per Thousand) The cost of achieving one thousand impressions.
Deep-linking Ad Linking beyond a home page to a page inside the site with content pertinent to the ad.
Domain Name The unique name of an Internet site e.g. www.hotmail.com.
Dwell time (a term coined by
Eyeblaster) is a measure of online ad campaign performance that shows the amount of time a user spends actively engaging with an ad, without necessarily clicking on it. Examples include rolling a mouse over the ad, playing
video content in it, or expanding it.
EIAA The European Interactive Advertising Association is a pan- European trade organisation for media companies focused on growing interactive business.
Embedded format Advertising formats that are displayed in set spaces on a publisher’s page. See also
banners,
skyscrapers,
button.
Emoticons Emoticon symbols are used to indicate mood in an electronic mode of communication e.g. email or instant messenger.
Engagement Mapping is a means of assessing the contribution of different media touchpoints to an eventual conversion. It allows advertisers to look beyond the ‘last click’ model of online measurement and award credit to all other activity that a consumer encountered before this point.
Expandable banner/skyscraper Fixed online advertising placements that expand over the page in the response to user action e.g. mouseover. See also
Rich Media.
Firewall Software Provides security for a computer or local network by preventing unauthorised access. It sits as a barrier between the web and your computer in order to prevent hacking, viruses or unapproved data transfer.
Flash Web design software that creates animation and interactive elements which are quick to download. Hit A single request from a web browser for a single item from a web server.
Impression The metric used to measure views of a webpage and its elements- including the advertising embedded within it. Ad Impressions are how most online advertising is sold and the cost is quoted in terms of the cost per thousand impressions (CPM).
Infographic An infographic is a graphical visual representation of information, data or knowledge.
IAB Interactive Advertising Bureau. The IAB educates marketers, agencies, media companies and the wider business community about the value of interactive advertising. Working with its member companies, the IAB evaluates and recommends standards and practices and fields critical research on interactive advertising.
IM/Instant messaging Sending messages and chatting with friends or colleagues in real-time when you are both online via a special application.
Interruptive formats Online advertising formats that appear on users’ screens on top of web content (and sometimes before webpage appears) and range from static, one-page splash screens to fullmotion animated advertisements. See also
overlay,
pop-up.
Interstitial Ads Which appear between two content pages. Also known as splash pages and transition ads. See also
Rich Media.
IP address The numerical Internet address assigned to each computer on a network so that it can be distinguished from other computers. Expressed as four groups of numbers separated by dots.
IPTV (Internet Protocol TV) The use of a broadband connection to stream digital television over the Internet to subscribed users.
ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) High-speed dial-up connections to the Internet over normal phone lines.
ISP (Internet Service Provider) A company which provides users with the means to connect to the Internet. Eg: AOL, Tiscali, Yahoo! Keyword marketing The purchase of keywords (or ‘search terms’) by advertisers in search listings. See also
PPC.
LAN (Local Area Network) A group of computers connected together, which are at one physical location.
Log files A record of all the hits a web server has received over a given period of time.
Meta-tags/ descriptions HTML tags that identify the content of a webpage for the search engines.
Microsite A sub-site reached via clicking on an ad. The user stays on the publisher’s website but has access to more information from the advertiser.
MP3 A computer file format that compresses audio files up to a factor of 12 from a .wav file.
MPEG File format used to compress and transmit video clips online.
MPU (Multiple Purpose Units) A square online ad usually found embedded in a webpage in a fixed placement. Called ‘multiple purpose’ as it is a flexible shaped blank ‘canvas’ in which you can serve flat or more interactive content as desired. See also
Rich Media,
Universal Advertising Package.
Opt-in An individual has given a company permission to use his/her data for marketing purposes.
Opt-out An individual has stated that they do not want a company to use his/her data for marketing purposes.
Organic search results The ‘natural’ search results that appear in a separate section (usually the main body of the page) to the paid listings. The results listed here have not been paid for and are ranked by the search engine (using spiders or algorithms) according to relevancy to the term searched upon. See also
spider,
algorithm,
SEO.
Overlay Online advertising content that appears over the top of the webpage. See also
Rich Media.
Paid Inclusion In exchange for a payment, a search engine will guarantee to list/review pages from a website. It is not guaranteed that the pages will rank well for particular queries – this still depends on the search engine’s underlying relevancy process.
Paid Listings The search results list in which advertisers pay to be featured according to the PPC model. This list usually appears in a separate section to the organic search results- usually at the top of the page or down the right hand side. See also
Organic search results, PPC (Pay Per Click).
Paid Search See PPC.
Phishing An illegal method whereby legitimate looking emails (appearing to come from a well-known bank, for example) are used in an attempt to get personal information that can be used to steal a user’s identity.
Pharming An illegal method of redirecting traffic from another company’s website (such as a bank) to a fake one designed to look similar in order to steal user details when they try to log in. See also Phishing.
Podcasting Podcasting involves making an audio file (usually in MP3 format) of content –usually in the form of a radio programme - that is available to download to an MP3 player or listen to online.
Polite loading Fixed online advertising placements that load and display additional Flash content after the host page on which the ad appears has finished loading. See also
Flash.
Pop-up An online ad that ‘pops up’ in a window over the top of a webpage. See also
interruptive formats.
PPC (Pay per Click) Allows advertisers to bid for placement in the paid listings search results on terms that are relevant to their business, or to pay based on the number of clicks achieved by a display ad. Advertisers pay the amount of their bid only when a consumer clicks on their listing. Also called sponsored search/ paid search.
Reach The number of unique web users potentially seeing a website one or more times in a given time period expressed as a percentage of the total active web population for that period.
Re-targeting (or remessaging as it is sometimes known) is a means of audience targeting that uses cookies to identify whether users have been exposed to an advertiser’s campaign and what actions they have taken. Ads can then be targeted at users who have already been exposed – or at users who have not yet been exposed to the campaign.
Rich Media is the collective name for online advertising formats that use advanced technology to harnesses broadband to build brands. It uses interactive and audio-visual elements to give richer content and a richer experience for the user when interacting with the ad. See also
Interstitial,
Superstitial,
Overlay and
Rich Media Guidelines.
Rich Media Guidelines Design guidelines produced by the IAB for effective use of Rich Media technologies in all forms of Internet advertising. They aim to protect user experience by keeping them in control of the experience e.g. encouraging clearly labelled close, sound and video buttons.
RSS (Really Simple Syndication) Software that allows you to flag website content (often from blogs or new sites) and aggregate new entries to this content into an easy to read format that is delivered directly to a user’s PC. See also
blogs.
Sales House An organisation which sells advertising on behalf of other media owners. These sales houses typically retain a percentage of the revenue they sell in exchange for their services. These organisations may combine a number of websites together and sell them as different packages to advertisers.
SEM (Search Engine Marketing) The process which aims to get websites listed prominently in search-engine results through searchengine optimisation, sponsored search and paid inclusion. See also
PPC and SEO and
Paid Inclusion.
SEO (Search Engine Optimisation) The process which aims to get websites listed prominently within search engine’s organic (algorithmic, spidered) search results. Involves making a site ‘search engine friendly’. See also
organic listings.
Server A host computer which maintains websites, newsgroups and email services.
Session The time spent between a user starting an application, computer, website...etc and logging off or quitting.
Site analytics The reporting and analysis of website activity - in particular user behaviour on the site. All websites have a weblog which can be used for this purpose, but other third-party software is available for a more sophisticated service.
Sniffer Software Which identifies the capabilities of the user’s browser and therefore can determine compatibility with ad formats and serve them an ad they will be able to see/fully interact with (e.g. GIF, Flash etc).
Social Media are online tools that allow two or more people to collaborate, communicate and share content and opinions online. Social media include
email and
instant messenger services as well as online forums, social networking sites and specialist networks such as those of console gamers.
Spam Unsolicited junk mail.
Spider A programme which crawls the web and fetches webpages in order for them to be indexed against keywords. Used by search engines to formulate search result pages. See also
organic listings.
Sponsored Search See
PPC (Pay Per Click).
Sponsorship Advertiser sponsorships of targeted content areas (e.g. entire website, site area or an event) often for promotional purposes.
Stickiness Measure used to gauge the effectiveness of a site in retaining its users. Usually measured by the duration of the visit.
Streaming media Compressed audio/video which plays and downloads at the same time. The user does not have to wait for the whole file to download before it starts playing.
Superstitials A form of rich media advertising which allows a TV-like experience on the web. It is fully pre-cached before playing. See also
Rich Media,
Cache.
Tenancy The ‘renting’ out of a section of a website by another brand who pays commission to this media owner for any revenue generated from this space e.g. dating services inside portals or bookstores inside online newspapers.
Traffic Number of visitors who come to a website.
Unique users Number of different individuals who visit a site within a specific time period.
URL (Uniform Resource Locator) Technical term that is used to refer to the web address of a particular website. For example www.iabuk.net
User generated content Online content created by website users rather than media owners or publishers - either through reviews, blogging, podcasting or posting comments, pictures or video clips. Sites that encourage user generated content include MySpace, YouTube, Wikipedia and Flickr. See also
blog,
podcast.
Viral Marketing The term “viral advertising” refers to the idea that people will pass on and share striking and entertaining content; this is often sponsored by a brand, which is looking to build awareness of a product or service. These viral commercials often take the form of funny video clips, or interactive Flash games, images, and even text.
VOIP (Voice Over Internet Protocol) Technology that allows the use of a broadband Internet connection to make telephone calls.
Whitelist An email whitelist is a list of contacts that the user deems are acceptable to receive email from and should not be sent to the trash folder (wikipedia definition).
WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) Standard for providing mobile data services on hand-held devices.
Web 2.0 The term Web 2.0 - with its knowing nod to upgraded computer applications - describes the next generation of online use. Web 2.0 identifies the consumer as a major contributor in the evolution of the Internet into a two-way medium. See also
user generated content.
Wi-Fi The ability to connect to the Internet wirelessly. Internet ‘hotspots’ in coffee shops and airports etc. use this technology.
